Chios Castle
At the north end of the harbour, the walls of the castle still enclose a lived-in quarter of narrow lanes, the walled core of the town since the Genoese period. Its irregular pentagon of land and sea walls keeps eight well-preserved bastions, and the main gate, the Porta Maggiore, opens at the south end. Inside are the Giustiniani Palace, an Ottoman bath and old houses; the whole south wall was pulled down to build the harbour front. The castle quarter is free to walk around, and its tavernas are a few minutes from the piers.
Nea Moni
In the green hills of central Chios, about 12 km from the town, the monastery of Nea Moni was founded in the 11th century with imperial sponsorship and became one of the richest centres of the Aegean. Its katholikon holds dazzling gold-ground mosaics by artists from Constantinople, among the finest examples of Middle Byzantine art, and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. A high defensive wall and tower surround the complex. Its small museum costs EUR 5, reduced EUR 3.
Mastic Villages: Pyrgi and Mesta
The fortified mastic villages of southern Chios were built in the Genoese period to guard the island's precious mastic. Pyrgi, the largest, is famous for the black-and-white geometric patterns, called xysta, that cover its house fronts, and for the Byzantine church of the Holy Apostles with its wall paintings. Mesta, about 35 km from town, is built like a castle, its stone houses joined into a protective wall around a maze of vaulted lanes, and is known for its local wine and souma, a spirit distilled from figs and grapes.
Chios Mastic Museum
Set in a mastic grove above Pyrgi, the museum tells the story of mastic, the aromatic resin of the Chios lentisk tree, whose traditional cultivation is listed by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage. Its galleries show how the resin is harvested and cleaned by hand, how its production shaped the villages and landscape of southern Chios, and how it reaches the world today, ending with an open-air exhibition among the trees. Tickets EUR 8, reduced EUR 4, under-18s free.